2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
科目代码及名称: 819 翻译理论与实践 适用专业：050201英语语言文学
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
翻译理论与实践（A卷）
第一部分：英译汉（共60分）
1. Translate the following passage into Chinese. Please write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (30分)
General linguistics is concerned with human language as a universal and recognizable part of human behaviour and of the human faculties, perhaps one of the most essential to human life as we know it, and one of the most far-reaching of human capabilities in relation to the whole span of mankind's achievements. Needless to say, there is no ‘general language’ as the specific subject-matter of linguistics other than and apart from the numerous and so far uncounted different languages (estimated at around 3,000) spoken in the world; but the general linguist, in the sense of the specialist or the student concerned with general linguistics, is not as such involved with any one or more of them to a greater extent than with any others. As an impractical ideal he would know something about every language; this is, of course, impossible, and in practice most linguists concentrate on a limited number of languages including their own native languages, the number of languages studied, and the depth of knowledge acquired of each, varying by personal factors from one linguist to another. Thus it has been pointed out that the linguist as here defined and as understood in the context of general linguistics must be distinguished from the sense of the word linguist as often used by the public, to refer to someone who necessarily has a practical knowledge and command of a number of foreign languages. It is, of course, desirable that the linguist should know quite a lot about some languages, and the more languages (especially those representing types different from his own and from each other) with which he has some acquaintance, the better he is equipped for his subject.
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2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
科目代码及名称: 819 翻译理论与实践 适用专业：050201英语语言文学
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
2. Translate the following passage into Chinese. Please write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (30分)
When I am in a serious humour, I very often walk by myself in Westminster Abbey, where the gloominess of the place, and the use to which it is applied, with the solemnity of the building, and the condition of the people who lie in it, are apt to fill the mind with a kind of melancholy, or rather thoughtfulness, that is not disagreeable. I yesterday passed a whole afternoon in the churchyard, the cloisters, and the church, amusing myself with the tombstones and inscriptions that I met with in those several regions of the dead. Most of them recorded nothing else of the buried person, but that he was born upon one day, and died upon another: the whole history of his life being comprehended in those two circumstances, that are common to all mankind. I could not but look upon these registers of existence, whether of brass or marble, as a kind of satire upon the departed persons; who had left no other memorial of them, but that they were born and that they died. They put me in mind of several persons mentioned in the battles of heroic poems, who have sounding names given them, for no other reason but that they may be killed, and are celebrated for nothing but being knocked on the head. The life of these men is finely described in Holy Writ by “the path of an arrow,” which is immediately closed up and lost.
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2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
科目代码及名称: 819 翻译理论与实践 适用专业：050201英语语言文学
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
第二部分：汉译英（共60分）
1、Translate the following Chinese into English. (30 points)
杨生狗
晋太和中，广陵人杨生，养一狗，甚爱怜之，行止与俱。后，生饮酒醉，行大泽草中，眠不能动。时方冬月燎原，风势极盛。狗乃周章号唤，生醉不觉。前有一坑水，狗便走往水中，还，以身洒生左右草上。如此数次，周旋跬步，草皆沾湿，火至免焚。生醒，方见之。
尔后，生因暗行，堕于空井中。狗呻吟彻晓。有人经过，怪此狗向井号，往视，见生。生曰：“君可出我，当有厚报。”人曰：“以此狗见与，便当相出。”生曰：“此狗曾活我已死，不得相与。余即无惜。”人曰：“若尔，便不相出。”狗因下头目井。生知其意，乃语路人云，“以狗相与”。人即出之，系之而去。却后五日，狗夜走归。`
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2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
科目代码及名称: 819 翻译理论与实践 适用专业：050201英语语言文学
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
2、Translate the following Chinese into English. (30 points)
敬德不谄
吏部尚书唐俭与太宗棋 ，争道。上大怒，出为潭州。蓄怒未泄，谓尉迟敬德①曰：“唐俭轻我，我欲杀之，卿为我证验有怨言指斥。”敬德唯唯。明日对云，敬德顿首曰：“臣实不闻。”频问，确定不移。上怒，碎玉珽于地，奋②衣入。良久索食，引三品以上皆入宴，上曰：“敬德今日利益者各有三，唐俭免枉死，朕免枉杀，敬德免曲从，三利也；朕有怒过之美，俭有再生之幸，敬德有忠直之誉，三益也。”赏敬德一千段，群臣皆称万岁。
注：
①复姓尉迟，名恭，字敬德，唐初大将
②抖动
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2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
科目代码及名称: 819 翻译理论与实践 适用专业：050201英语语言文学
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
第三部分：翻译评论（共30分）
1、Make a comment in English on the following two translated versions by using what you have learned about translation theory. (30 points)
The First Snow
The first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mountains, on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead! All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape; and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches. What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion! Every sound was muffled, every noise changed to something soft and musical. No more tramping hoofs, no more ratting wheels! Only the chiming of sleigh-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.
Translation A 初 雪
初雪飘临，如万花纷谢，整日整夜，纷纷扬扬，真美极了。雪花儿无声无息，飞上山顶，撒向草原，飘至世人的房脊，落在逝者的坟茔。莽莽原野，银装素裹，惟有长河逶迤，像一条黑色的长龙蜿蜒爬行于皑皑雪原。枯藤老树，枝丫盘错，光秃秃地直刺灰蒙蒙的天宇，此刻越发显得苍古遒劲，奇特壮观。
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2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
科目代码及名称: 819 翻译理论与实践 适用专业：050201英语语言文学
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
白絮飞舞，大自然静谧寂寥，超然幽远。所有的声响都趋于沉寂，一切喧嚣都化作了轻柔的乐曲。
得得的马蹄声听不到了，辚辚的车轮声也消逝了，惟有雪橇的铃声回荡在空中，那欢快的节奏犹如童心在跳动。
Translation B 初 雪
瑞雪飘临，无声无息。纷纷扬扬，壮观之极！
飞上山巅，撒向草原，飘至房顶，落在墓地。
茫茫大地，银装素裹。蜿蜒远去，长河逶迤。
老树虬枝，枝丫盘错，直刺苍穹，愈发壮丽。
白絮蹁跹，超然幽寂，喧嚣之声，化作乐曲。
看不见辚辚车轮，听不见得得马蹄，
惟闻雪橇的铃儿，叮咚，叮咚……
如童心跳动，永不停息。
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